large heavy forgingsThe requirements include:

1. Orientation mode

1) Unidirectional load, divided into tensile load and compression load or alternating load under working conditions.

2) Multi-directional or composite loads are divided into tension, compression, shear, bending, torsion and support loads. They are either parallel to the central axis or at a certain angle to the central axis. A uniform transition should be adopted at the position of shape change. Transition circle to reduce stress concentration. Whenever stress concentration is inevitable, the notch toughness of the forging material is usually an important factor in material selection.

3) Cycle load can have high cycle load and low cycle load.

4) If the continuous load is a tensile load, it may accelerate stress corrosion, and interference fit and residual stress will increase the continuous load.

5) Heat load This is caused by temperature changes.

2. Load size and load status

1) Size.

2) Load speed increase or impact.

3) The temperature of large heavy forgings shall be determined as the temperature (minimum, normal and maximum temperature) with a long cumulative working time.

4) The environment includes the condensation cycle of large heavy forgings in the atmosphere, the chemical composition of the environment and corrosion, abrasion, erosion or other friction of large heavy forgings.